Microbiology Practice Exam

Which immune cells play a crucial role in fighting infections?

1. Red blood cells

2. Leukocytes

3. Plasma cells

4. Neurons

The correct answer is: Leukocytes

Leukocytes, also known as white blood cells, are essential components of the immune system, playing a pivotal role in the body's defense against infections. These cells are involved in identifying and eliminating pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. The various types of leukocytes include neutrophils, lymphocytes (such as T cells and B cells), monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils, each with specialized functions. For instance, neutrophils are among the first responders to microbial infection, engaging in phagocytosis to engulf and destroy pathogens. Lymphocytes, particularly B cells, are responsible for producing antibodies, while T cells can kill infected cells and help regulate the immune response. In contrast, red blood cells primarily function to transport oxygen throughout the body and do not have a role in immune defense. Plasma cells are derived from activated B cells and specialize in producing antibodies, which are vital for fighting infections but are a subset of the broader category of leukocytes. Neurons are the fundamental units of the nervous system and are not involved in immune response, further distinguishing their function from that of leukocytes. This illustrates the specific and critical function that leukocytes serve in the immune system, reinforcing their role in combating